Without going into too much detail... yes, it is important in antenna design to define a ground plane. On the other hand.. some GPS antenna have a build in magnet to prevent it from moving around. I don't know if the Pioneer antenna has a magnetic base BTW, I didn't install the unit myself. So suppose this antenna needs a metal plane to have optimal performance. The minimal size does matter, larger metal sheets normally have positive or no influence.
Do you have to use the supplied sheet? Not when the location you plan to go for is a metal construction part of the car, I'am inclined to say. And since this is the location the car manufacturer has 'designed' to be used for a GPS antenna, it might well be a metal base with no (or little metal) in the field of view of the antenna.
The practical approach.... Find a place with relatively little or no structural blocks (buildings) that could interfere with receiption, attach the antenna (with the supplied sheet if no metal base is present) and look at the GPS signal strength page. Then remove the metal sheet, place the antenna in the intended mounting location and see if receiption changes significantly. Remember that the GPS sats are constantly 'on the move' so changes in signal strength will always be present and use as little time as possible when moving the antenna.